Curriculum Guide

Math instruction begins in the early learning division, where our teachers guide the school’s youngest learners to discover and explore mathematical concepts embedded in their environment. Students internalize and apply math concepts through manipulative materials, data collection, estimating, and measuring. They are not simply recognizing patterns, but are challenged to understand and articulate the underlying reasons for their existence. To grasp how mathematics provides a framework for real-world problem-solving, students engage their curiosity and critical-thinking abilities through whole-class discussions, small-group activities, and social interactions where mathematical practice is naturally and purposefully integrated.

2s Program: Early Numeracy Skills

Our 2-year-old students embark on a foundational mathematical journey, building a robust understanding of early numeracy. The curriculum transitions children from exploring numbers informally to developing a structured understanding of mathematical principles. Students actively engage with numbers in their environment, moving beyond simple recitation to connect numerals with concrete quantities and everyday experiences. We introduce early logical and critical thinking by challenging students to explore patterns and analyze objects based on single attributes like color. They also build essential spatial reasoning skills by identifying basic two-dimensional shapes and using their bodies to physically represent differences in size. This experience is reinforced through comparative language (big/little, fast/slow) that lays a crucial foundation for more complex mathematical concepts. These skills are not taught in isolation but are purposefully embedded in play, literacy activities, and kinesthetic learning (songs, rhymes, and chants paired with specific hand and finger movements), nurturing students’ natural inclination toward mathematical inquiry.

Curriculum Content and Skills: attempting to count objects, trying one-to-one counting, using math in daily life, reciting numbers 1-10, creating patterns, sorting by simple features (e.g., color), identifying 2D shapes, using body to show size (e.g., hands over the head for “big,” or body crouching for “little”), understanding some basic comparative wordslearning

3s/4s Program Year 1: Building Blocks of Math

In the first year of our program for 3- and 4-year-olds, students develop a foundational understanding of numbers and mathematical thinking through a curriculum centered on hands-on discovery and collaborative inquiry. A central focus is the development of number sense, establishing one-to-one correspondence and the understanding that numerals represent specific quantities up to ten. We employ manipulatives to reinforce core skills like subitizing (recognizing a quantity at a glance), estimating, and measuring. This approach enables students to not only identify and name numbers but also to link them directly to sets of objects. Our curriculum fosters critical thinking and early logical reasoning through activities that develop spatial relations and challenge students to sort and order objects based on multiple attributes, such as color and size. Collaborative tasks, including block-building and puzzles, further refine their geometrical understanding and spatial awareness. This active, social engagement builds their confidence and fluency in mathematical language, preparing them for more complex learning.

Curriculum Content and Skills: reciting and identifying numbers 1–10, counting objects one-to-one, recognizing basic patterns, subitizing numbers 1-5, identifying 2D shapes, sorting by attributes, identifying basic spatial positions (up/down, in/out, front/behind), exploring spatial relationships with puzzles, making simple predictions

3s/4s Program Year 2: Number Sense Foundations

In the second year of our program for 3- and 4-year-olds, the math curriculum builds essential number sense, advanced counting skills, and sophisticated spatial reasoning. We challenge students to move beyond basic number identification, teaching them to master the concept of numbers from 0 to 20. A key focus is developing subitizing — the ability to instantly recognize small quantities (1 to 10) without counting — a critical skill for mathematical fluency. Students also practice rote counting with purpose and develop a precise understanding of positional words. The concepts of “less” and “more” are reinforced to foster comparative reasoning and lay the groundwork for later algebraic thinking. The curriculum introduces innovative strategies for representing numbers, such as using tally marks and dice patterns. Students use advanced math tools like ten frames and Unifix cubes to visualize numerical relationships and deepen their understanding of number composition. Activities involving pattern creation, extension, and puzzle-solving further sharpen their spatial awareness and logical reasoning, providing a strong and rigorous foundation for all future mathematical concepts.

Curriculum Content and Skills: counting to 20 (rote and one-to-one), understanding number value representation, pattern recognition and creation, subitizing 1-10, identifying and working with 2D shapes, sorting by attributes, understanding spatial positions and relationships, describing and comparing measurable attributes, engaging with data (collection, documentation, analysis), making predictions, using comparative math language

Kindergarten: Math in Focus

Our kindergarten curriculum is meticulously aligned with the guiding principles of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM), ensuring a high-quality, research-supported education that prepares our students for future success. Students engage with a rigorous and comprehensive mathematics curriculum through Math in Focus, a Singapore Math program designed for deep, conceptual understanding. The program’s innovative approach is rooted in the Concrete-Pictorial-Abstract (CPA) instructional framework, where students first use hands-on materials, then visual models, and finally abstract symbols to master concepts. Students explore a wide range of topics, from number sense and early operations to advanced mathematical reasoning. They develop a strong vocabulary, learn place value, and master comparative language like “greater than” and “less than.” The curriculum focuses on applying these skills to solve real-world problems. Students investigate the attributes of solid and flat shapes, including the concept of symmetry. They use tools like ten frames and graphs to visualize quantities and cultivate mental math abilities. Collaborative problem-solving is a core component, as students work in pairs to articulate their thinking with precise mathematical language.

Curriculum Content and Skills: counting with one-to-one correspondence, counting, identifying, and ordering numbers 0-20, composing and decomposing numbers, counting 1–100, identifying ordinal numbers first (1st) through tenth (10th), comparing numbers (less than, greater than, equal to), representing addition and subtraction with manipulatives, understanding “half” (1/2), place value, creating variable patterns, describing shapes by name and their relative position (e.g., in front of, behind), identifying 2D and 3D shapes, understanding how shapes combine (e.g., two squares create a rectangle), comparing size, length, and weight, measure using non-standard units, data collection, documentation, analysis

In the early learning division, we ignite a passion for scientific inquiry through an innovative curriculum centered on environmental science and campus exploration. Our approach moves beyond simple observation, empowering students to become active investigators of the natural world. Through hands-on, project-based learning, students engage with core scientific disciplines. Building with blocks isn’t just play; it is a direct introduction to engineering principles. The exploration of new materials in the classroom lays a foundational understanding of chemistry. We make abstract concepts accessible by using precise yet simple language to facilitate discovery and understanding.

2s Program: Exploring Through Our Senses

This course cultivates scientific inquiry and observation skills, moving beyond simple awareness to empower students to become keen observers of their environment. Students analyze environmental changes, such as weather shifts, and build an understanding of cause and effect, recognizing the direct relationship between phenomena and behavior (e.g., needing an umbrella on a rainy day). The curriculum explores dynamic changes of the natural world, from plant growth to seasonal blooming, and actively encourages curiosity about natural artifacts. Through hands-on investigation, students explore foundational physics concepts, including the laws of motion (gravity, push/pull forces), and develop a sophisticated vocabulary to describe sound, volume, and tactile sensations (e.g., wet/dry, hot/cold). By year-end, students will demonstrate an emerging scientific mindset, articulating their observations and concepts with clarity and precision.

Curriculum Content and Skills: awareness of the five senses, changes in the environment (like weather shifts), connections between the environment and behavior, changes in the natural world (plants growing, flowers blooming), natural artifacts, laws of motion (gravity, push/pull), sound and volume, describing tactile sensations

3s/4s Program Year 1: Nature, Motion, and Color

Science studies immerse students in hands-on scientific inquiry, where they actively investigate the natural environment and its fundamental principles. The curriculum systematically covers the characteristics of animals, humans, plants, and weather, building a foundational understanding of our world. Students don’t just observe; they explore core physics concepts through building and design, directly engaging with the laws of motion. We go beyond simple observation by introducing gardening as a tool for understanding botany, fostering a sense of joy and stewardship. The curriculum also introduces foundational engineering and art concepts by investigating simple machines and exploring color theory through the purposeful mixing of primary and secondary colors.

Curriculum Content and Skills: the natural environment, characteristics of animals, humans, plants, other environmental elements, and weather; the laws of motion, gardening and its importance, understanding simple machines, exploring color mixing (primary and secondary colors), describing tactile sensations

3s/4s Program Year 2: Exploring Environmental Systems

Building on their initial explorations, students engage in rigorous scientific inquiry of the natural environment. They move beyond simple identification, focusing on intricate characteristics of animals, humans, plants, and complex weather patterns. Through advanced activities and projects, students apply their understanding of the laws of motion to solve more sophisticated building and design challenges. We further cultivate their connection to gardening by exploring its ecological significance. The curriculum introduces advanced concepts in engineering, from sophisticated simple machines to complex applications. Students also explore advanced color theory and expand their descriptive vocabulary for tactile sensations through richer, multi-sensory experiences.

Curriculum Content and Skills: the natural environment, characteristics of animals, humans, plants, other environmental elements, and weather; the laws of motion, gardening and its importance, understanding simple machines, exploring color mixing (primary and secondary colors), describing tactile sensations

Kindergarten: Living Organisms

This curriculum provides a wondrous journey into scientific discovery, building a deep conceptual understanding of foundational concepts. Students become active scientists, using their five senses as tools for observation and analysis. They learn to investigate and interpret patterns in weather and seasons, and conduct hands-on experiments to understand the properties of matter and the principles of force, motion, and energy. Through active exploration, students master core biological concepts: they learn to distinguish between living and non-living things, identify the characteristics of organisms, and investigate the interconnectedness of habitats. The curriculum also fosters a sense of environmental stewardship by exploring the importance of protecting the natural world. Most importantly, students learn to apply the design thinking process — a core principle of innovation — to tackle and solve complex problems, a skill that will serve them far beyond the classroom.

Curriculum Content and Skills: identifying the five senses and how they are used, weather and seasonal patterns and elements, properties of matter, understanding force, motion, and energy, identifying characteristics of living organisms and distinguishing between living and non-living things, identifying different animal habitats, the importance of nature and how to protect the natural world, understanding and applying the design thinking process

Our early learning literacy curriculum is a dynamic and research-backed journey designed to transform students into confident readers, writers, and communicators. From the 2s program through kindergarten, we utilize multi-sensory instructional methods to build a powerful foundation tailored to each child’s developmental stage. Their purposeful progression begins with foundational language and sound awareness and culminates in complex reading comprehension and expressive writing. This is not passive learning; it is an active process built on explicit instruction in key areas like phonological awareness and letter-sound correspondence. We surround students with engaging, print-rich environments that make learning feel like a discovery.

2s Program: Foundational Language Skills

Our early literacy program builds foundational language skills from the ground up. We begin with direct instruction in “who” and “where,” guiding students to identify peers, objects, and their environment while modeling precise language. This structured practice systematically advances students from pointing to articulating their thoughts in complete, three- to five-word sentences. To develop analytical thinking, teachers facilitate sophisticated story discussions that involve making predictions, analyzing content, and expanding vocabulary. Through purposeful teacher modeling, students are empowered to expand their expressive language, enabling them to confidently advocate for their needs and ideas. Hands-on activities like connecting students’ printed names to their artwork and engaging in drawing and art projects serve as innovative tools for fostering pre-writing development, creating a direct link between fine motor skills and early literacy awareness. These integrated activities work together to cultivate self-expression and confidence in speaking, listening, and foundational literacy.

Curriculum Content and Skills: identifying peers, objects, and environment; proper language modeling; story discussions (predictions, analysis, vocabulary), speaking, listening, pre-reading skills, drawing (pre-writing); literacy curiosity and identity (reader, writer, speaker), art exploration (lines/curves), expressive language (needs, ideas, emotions), emergent writing (tools, fine motor skills)

3s/4s Program Year 1: Early Literacy Skills

Building upon each student’s existing knowledge in a multi-sensory, print-rich environment, our literacy program empowers students to become proficient readers and writers by systematically developing their phonological awareness, letter-sound associations, and vocabulary. Through collaborative and independent book exploration, students cultivate a love of reading while internalizing strategies for reading fluency and comprehension. We expand their understanding of narrative structures and knowledge acquisition by exposing them to diverse literary genres. Daily, guided and independent writing activities build a deep understanding of the connection between ideas and written words, empowering students to express themselves. Expressive verbal language is fostered through teacher- and peer-directed conversations, which build leadership, self-advocacy, and collaborative problem-solving. Students also develop listening and comprehension skills by using visual clues to retell and analyze increasingly complex narratives. This comprehensive approach ensures students not only master foundational skills but also develop the critical thinking and communication abilities necessary for lifelong success.

This program integrates concepts from Handwriting Without Tears and Sounds in Motion (phonemic awareness with a kinesthetic component).

Curriculum Content and Skills: independent reading, reading habits (listening, sequencing, meaning), reading strategies (fluency/efficiency), literary genres, story structure, letter recognition/sounds, phonological awareness (letter-sound connection, word formation), letter/word patterns, emergent writing, multi-domain writing, idea-word connection (print expression), language/vocabulary development, storytelling, expressive language (discussion, sharing, conversation), verbal language (conversations, self-advocacy), listening/comprehension, conversational/collaboration skills, name writing/recognition

3s/4s Program Year 2: Crafting Simple Narratives

We place books at the center of our literacy curriculum, using them as catalysts for discussion, preference development, and knowledge acquisition. Project-based learning fosters curiosity and innovation through early writing, book-making, and authorship.

Students systematically acquire key literacy skills, including sequencing stories, extracting details, and mastering comprehension strategies such as prediction and analysis of character emotions. Language and vocabulary are actively developed through oral storytelling and expressive conversation. The course provides explicit instruction in phonological awareness and early writing, which includes uppercase name writing — an approach that nurtures critical thinking from the very start. Students develop advanced listening skills, following multi-step directions and comprehending spoken language with greater complexity. Read-alouds are a strategic tool for improving recall and prediction. Exposure to diverse genres teaches students to read for both joy and knowledge. The curriculum enhances letter-sound identification and initial sound isolation. Name writing practice and engagement with environmental print directly link fine motor skills with foundational writing.

This program integrates concepts from Sounds in Motion (phonemic awareness with a kinesthetic component).

Curriculum Content and Skills: letter-sound recognition, phonological awareness, early writing, book making, story sequencing, detail extraction, making predictions, character emotions, foreshadowing, language development, vocabulary development, oral storytelling, verbal reflection, expressive language, conversational language, following directions, listening skills, recalling details, reading for joy, reading for knowledge, identifying letters, identifying letter sounds, isolating initial sounds in words, writing names (uppercase), fine motor development (for writing)

Kindergarten: Essential Language Comprehension

Our rigorous and comprehensive kindergarten literacy curriculum is designed to build a deep foundation in language comprehension, word recognition, and oral language. We systematically cultivate essential skills through listening, speaking, and analytical discussions. Students master letter-sound knowledge, decoding, sentence structure, punctuation, and proper spacing. They engage in activities that foster advanced phonological awareness, including working with syllables, rhyming, and word structure, which directly support reading comprehension and fluency. Early on, we establish strong literacy habits and introduce the roles of authors and illustrators. Students learn to identify and count syllables, recognize uppercase and lowercase letters, and engage in inventive spelling to apply letter-sound knowledge. As the course progresses, students build a high-frequency word vocabulary and practice writing simple sentences with correct capitalization and punctuation. We use diverse literature and visual art to enrich comprehension and communication, supporting both independent and partnered reading. Oral language and listening skills are refined through various discussion formats.

The curriculum integrates the Wilson Fundations Literacy Program, a multi-sensory phonological awareness program, Wit & Wisdom, which builds vocabulary and promotes comprehension and dialogue, and Geodes, a comprehensive non-fiction library to enhance emerging reading skills.

Curriculum Content and Skills: language comprehension, oral language development (listening, speaking, discussions, dialogue), vocabulary building, letter-sound knowledge, phonological awareness (syllables, rhyming, word structure, vowels), decoding, word recognition, high-frequency word vocabulary, emerging reading skills, reading fluency and expression, reading comprehension & engagement, independent and partnered reading, expressing ideas (writing and drawing), sequencing, inventive spelling, writing sentences (capitalization, spacing, periods), letter and word spacing, identifying lowercase and uppercase letters, recognizing story elements, comparing texts, appreciation of diverse literary genres and visual art

In our early learning division, social studies is a hands-on, innovative curriculum designed to cultivate a sophisticated global perspective. We partner with our families, who are active contributors to the learning process, to share their cultural heritage and experiences. This program goes beyond cultural sharing; it is a deliberate and systematic approach to building a deep appreciation for global diversity and fostering an environment of cultural intelligence from a very young age.

2s Program: The People in Your Neighborhood

This curriculum is a wonder-filled exploration of our place in the world, designed to build critical thinking and a profound social awareness. We guide students to observe their surroundings with a sense of awe — like young scientists discovering a new galaxy — drawing explicit connections between the world and their personal experiences. Through a thoughtfully structured approach, we introduce students to essential community helpers, like doctors and firefighters, fostering a profound understanding of their roles and contributions. We cultivate a strong sense of community and inclusivity by integrating families and their unique cultural backgrounds into the learning process, actively fostering empathy and respect by highlighting our shared humanity and the beautiful tapestry of our unique differences.

Curriculum Content and Skills: essential community members, inclusivity, empathy, connection

3s/4s Program Year 1: Me, My Friends, and Our World

Students embark on a journey of self and social discovery, beginning to recognize their similarities and differences with peers. This process helps them cultivate a sense of comfort and joy within the classroom’s diverse environment. The curriculum actively promotes family involvement through classroom participation and cultural visits, enriching each student’s learning experience. Furthermore, by participating in various schoolwide events, students build connections with the broader school community, strengthening their sense of belonging. Students will be able to identify similarities and differences in people and families, express joy in recognizing what makes them unique or similar to their peers, engage in meaningful experiences learning about other cultures, and demonstrate an emerging awareness of school and community helpers.

Curriculum Content and Skills: people and families, diverse cultures, school, community helpers

3s/4s Program Year 2: Exploring Our Connections

The social studies curriculum fosters a strong sense of self and an understanding of others while actively celebrating diversity and inclusion as fundamental social norms. It encourages family engagement through classroom participation and cultural visits, enriching the learning experience. As some of the older students in Chilton House, second-year 3s/4s program students are also encouraged to begin developing a leadership mindset. Foundational concepts of fairness and equity are integrated throughout the academic curriculum, laying the groundwork for social responsibility. By the end of the year, students will be able to identify similarities and differences in people and families, and engage in meaningful experiences learning about other cultures.

Curriculum Content and Skills: sense of self, understanding of others, leadership, fairness, equity, maps, home (meaning, purpose, and elements), diverse communities and cultures

Kindergarten: Our Homes, Our Maps, Our World

Our kindergarten curriculum is a wonder-filled exploration of self and community, beginning with the innovative practice of students setting personal learning goals and creating class agreements. This process fosters a sense of purpose and belonging, sparking excitement for the year ahead. Through activities focused on self-awareness, students discover their unique traits and marvel at how they grow and change, learning to relate to others with empathy. The curriculum then expands their world through the exploration of self, friendships, families, and community, celebrating the rich diversity within and beyond the classroom. Students don’t just recognize differences; they are guided to compare and appreciate the unique characteristics of people and cultures. This comprehensive approach cultivates a profound curiosity about how people live in diverse communities and provides meaningful experiences for exploring and valuing different cultures.

Curriculum Content and Skills: classroom community, self-awareness, social relationships, diversity and cultures/communities that make up our world, map use and importance, the concept and elements of a home

The mathematics curriculum guides students to progressively develop advanced mathematical concepts and problem-solving abilities. Students begin exploring algebraic thinking and modeling, preparing for higher-level math. They deepen their understanding of operations with rational numbers and tackle more complex problems. Real-world word problems become a focus, encouraging the application of diverse strategies to find solutions. Students are encouraged to articulate their problem-solving approaches using precise mathematical language and to present their work in an organized manner, fostering clarity and critical thinking as they master increasingly challenging concepts. Beginning in seventh grade, students advance along one of three tracks, which provide increased challenge for advanced learners and support for those needing personalized instruction. The curriculum is directly aligned with the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM®) guidelines, ensuring a high-quality mathematics education for all students.

Grade 5: Fractions and Decimals

In fifth-grade math, students embark on a journey from foundational arithmetic to the initial stages of algebraic thought. They strengthen computational skills with whole numbers and extend these operations to fractions and decimals, applying this expanded knowledge to real-world contexts. The curriculum introduces new, innovative strategies to better understand concepts such as volume, line plots, the coordinate plane, polygons, ratio, and percent. Students are challenged to develop problem-solving strategies, recognize mathematical patterns, and articulate their thinking with clarity and precision, fostering both computational fluency and a deeper conceptual understanding. This year lays a crucial groundwork for the more complex algebraic concepts to come.

Curriculum Content and Skills: whole numbers and the four operations, fractions and mixed numbers, multiplying and dividing fractions and mixed numbers, decimals, four operations of decimals, volume, line plots and the coordinate plane, polygons, ratios, percentages

Grade 6: Pre-Algebraic Foundations

Building upon their fifth-grade math foundation and preparing for algebra, sixth-grade students explore whole numbers, prime numbers, prime factorization, number lines, negative numbers, fractions, decimals, ratios, rates, speed, and percent in greater depth. They also investigate algebraic expressions, equations, inequalities, the coordinate plane, areas of polygons, surface areas and volumes of solids, and receive an introduction to statistics. The curriculum focuses on cultivating students’ confidence in problem-solving, pattern recognition, and mathematical communication. By connecting concepts to the real world, students strengthen their reasoning, application, and critical thinking skills as they learn to solve real-world problems, clearly explain their methods, and present their solutions in an organized manner.

Curriculum Content and Skills: whole numbers, prime numbers and prime factorization, number lines and negative numbers, fractions and decimals, ratio, rates and speed, percent, algebraic expressions, equations and inequalities, the coordinate plane, areas of polygons, surface areas and volumes of solids, introduction to statistics

Grade 7: Pre-Algebra or Algebra

Beginning in seventh grade, students typically advance along one of three tracks, which provide increased challenge for advanced learners and support for those needing personalized instruction. In addition to pre-algebra, EMS offers advanced pre-algebra and Honors Algebra I.

• Track 1: Pre-Algebra > Math in Focus 8, Algebra 1, or Advanced Algebra 1
• Track 2: Advanced Pre-Algebra > Algebra 1 or Advanced Algebra 1
• Track 3: Honors Algebra 1 > Honors Geometry

Pre-Algebra and Advanced Pre-Algebra

The pre-algebra curriculum is designed to create a smooth transition from arithmetic to algebraic thinking. A key focus is building a strong conceptual bridge by reinforcing and extending students’ understanding of rational number operations. Students will begin to explore the power of variables by learning to manipulate expressions and solve equations, both numerical and algebraic. The curriculum emphasizes the practical application of mathematics by exploring proportional relationships and integrating real-world contexts to introduce fundamental geometric concepts such as angle measurement, area, surface area, and volume.

Curriculum Content and Skills: real number system, algebraic expressions, algebraic equations and inequalities, linear equations and inequalities, lines and linear equations, functions, exponents, scientific notation, proportion and percent of change, angle properties and straight lines, area, volume, and surface area, statistics and probability

Honors Algebra 1

Building upon a strong foundation in arithmetic, the core philosophy of Honors Algebra 1 is to transition students into advanced algebraic thinking and modeling, preparing them for subsequent studies in Geometry or Algebra 2. This course emphasizes the cultivation of robust and transferable problem-solving skills applicable across various real-world situations and academic disciplines. Students will refine their ability to connect prior arithmetic knowledge with more abstract algebraic concepts, extend their understanding of rational number operations within a more complex framework, and develop diverse strategies for tackling challenging problems. The course also focuses on fostering clear mathematical communication, enabling students to articulate their reasoning and solutions effectively, an essential skill for leadership in collaborative projects and problem-solving.

Curriculum Content and Skills: linear and literal equations and inequalities, equations of lines, systems of linear equations and inequalities, exponential equations, polynomials, quadratic functions and equations

Grade 8: Math in Focus, Algebra, or Geometry

Students typically advance along one of three tracks, which provide increased challenge for advanced learners and support for those needing personalized instruction. In addition to the eighth-grade Math in Focus course, EMS offers Advanced Algebra 1 and Honors Geometry.

• Track 1: Pre-Algebra > Math in Focus 8, Algebra 1, or Advanced Algebra 1
• Track 2: Advanced Pre-Algebra > Algebra 1 or Advanced Algebra 1
• Track 3: Honors Algebra 1 > Honors Geometry

Math in Focus 8

This course cultivates transferable problem-solving skills and leadership in mathematics by challenging students to apply their knowledge to both real-world contexts and future mathematical studies. Students innovate as they apply and extend their knowledge of rational number operations across a range of topics, including algebraic and geometric principles. They will explore linear equations, geometric transformations, and statistics. Through solving real-world word problems and presenting their solutions in a well-organized manner, they develop a strong foundation in clear and precise mathematical communication.

Curriculum Content and Skills: real number system, exponents, scientific notation, linear equations and inequalities, lines and linear equations, systems of linear equations, functions, the Pythagorean Theorem, geometric transformations, congruence and similarity, volume and surface area, statistics

Algebra 1 and Advanced Algebra 1

Building upon a strong base in arithmetic, Algebra 1 transitions students into advanced algebraic thinking and modeling, preparing them for subsequent studies in Geometry or Algebra 2. This course emphasizes the cultivation of innovative problem-solving skills applicable across diverse real-world situations. Students refine their ability to connect prior arithmetic knowledge with abstract algebraic concepts, extend their understanding of rational number operations within a more complex framework, and develop diverse strategies for tackling challenging problems. Through this process, students achieve mastery in key algebraic domains. The course also focuses on fostering clear mathematical communication, enabling students to articulate their reasoning and solutions effectively, an essential skill for leadership in collaborative projects and problem-solving.

While both Algebra 1 and Advanced Algebra 1 cover the same core topics, the advanced class moves at a faster pace, more thoroughly explores concepts, and includes more complex problem-solving. Advanced Algebra 1 is designed for students who have a strong foundation in pre-algebra and are ready for a greater challenge.

Curriculum Content and Skills: linear and literal equations and inequalities, equations of lines, systems of linear equations and inequalities, exponential equations, polynomials, quadratic functions and equations

Honors Geometry

This course is a launchpad for innovative thinking, cultivating logical and sequential problem-solvers who can confidently apply mathematical ideas. Building on prior arithmetic and algebraic foundations, students deepen their understanding of rational number operations and develop advanced skills in geometric modeling. They will explore the tools of geometry, logical arguments, and relationships within polygons, as well as the principles of similarity and trigonometry. The curriculum encourages students to tackle real-world problems using diverse strategies, clearly articulating their reasoning and demonstrating leadership in presenting well-organized solutions, thus providing a strong foundation for advanced mathematical studies.

Curriculum Content and Skills: tools of geometry, logical arguments and line relationships, congruent triangles, relationships in triangles, quadrilaterals and other polygons, similarity, right triangles and trigonometry, circles and sectors, area and volume

In middle school, science concepts are brought to life through a multidisciplinary, project-based approach that connects students to real-world experiences. Students explore scientific phenomena in ecology, chemistry, life, Earth, space, and physical sciences while developing essential skills such as collaboration, critical thinking, communication, and reflection. They engage in authentic problem-solving by asking questions, formulating hypotheses, designing investigations, and collecting data. A strong emphasis is placed on accurately recording, visualizing, organizing, and analyzing results. Young scientists develop evidence-based explanations that they present verbally, visually, and in writing. Through this process, students build a strong foundation in scientific principles and practices, preparing them to tackle complex problems and, as informed learners and engaged citizens, make meaningful connections between science and the world around them.

Grade 5: Physics and the World Around Us

The fifth-grade science curriculum lays the foundation for scientific curiosity as students embark on a journey exploring science fields, with a focus on physics. The year launches with students learning to distinguish between the scientific method and the design cycle — essential frameworks for all future inquiry. Students investigate forces and their influence on motion, as well as simple machines, momentum, and the transformations of states of matter. Throughout the year, they hone crucial scientific skills: collaborating on experiments, using precise scientific vocabulary, meticulously recording and graphing results, and constructing explanations based on evidence. The curriculum culminates in broadening students’ perspectives to include earth science and chemistry, inspiring them to think critically about the world and their place in it.

Curriculum Content and Skills: scientific method, physics, ecology, forces, states of matter, earth science, chemistry, introduction to astronomy

Grade 6: Earth Systems and Energy

Building on their foundational skills from the previous year, the sixth-grade science curriculum introduces fascinating concepts about our planet and the forces that shape it. Students study the fundamental idea of energy and then journey through the cyclical changes of seasons and moon phases. To understand Earth’s structure, they’ll examine the dynamic movements of plate tectonics, which give rise to dramatic events like volcanoes. Finally, the class evaluates the importance of renewable resources in sustaining our world. Throughout these topics, students hone their scientific skills by learning to recall and apply key terms, collaborate with peers on experiments, accurately record and visualize data, construct evidence-based explanations, and effectively present their findings.

Curriculum Content and Skills: energy, seasons, Earth’s structure, plate tectonics, volcanoes, renewable resources

Grade 7: Unlocking Matter

Extending their work with Earth systems and energy, seventh-grade students advance to the fundamental building blocks of our universe and the phenomena they govern. They explore matter and how it changes, and discover what drives chemical and physical changes. The curriculum fosters deeper scientific comprehension as students navigate the Periodic Table of Elements, exploring the organization and properties of different elements. The class also examines the essential world of water chemistry, considering its unique characteristics and vital role. The emphasis remains on strengthening their proficiency through applying scientific language, collaborating on experimental design, accurately recording and visualizing data, and working together to present their insights.

Curriculum Content and Skills: matter and its changes, atoms, bonding, the Periodic Table of Elements, chemical reactions, water chemistry

Grade 8: Biological Systems — Exploring the Living World

The eighth-grade science curriculum challenges students to demonstrate leadership and innovation by tackling complex topics through a project-based approach. The course begins by building foundational science and communication skills as they examine the natural world, starting with the critical role of water in biological systems. They then investigate the core of biology, studying cells, cell transport, and the principles of genetics and evolution. Throughout these units, students actively grapple with fundamental questions about life, from how organisms use energy to the reasons behind biological diversity and the intricate mechanisms of ecosystems and evolutionary change. This curriculum challenges them to not only understand these concepts but also to apply their knowledge to solve authentic problems, preparing them to be the next generation of scientific thinkers.

Curriculum Content and Skills: cells, osmosis, experimental design, genetics, evolution, designing scientific procedures, recording and analyzing data, evidence-based scientific writing, building and interpreting models, delivering formal presentations, visualizing data

The middle school English language arts curriculum cultivates a sophisticated grasp of language by developing crucial skills in reading comprehension, creative and formal writing, critical and ethical thinking, vocabulary acquisition, and grammar. This academic journey progresses developmentally: fifth grade explores the concept of freedom through the lens of literary characters; sixth grade challenges students to synthesize their understanding by examining the hero’s journey, analyzing literal and symbolic adventures and the meaning of heroism in core texts. The curriculum then elevates student agency in seventh grade by investigating the power of the individual, fostering intellectual leadership through literary analysis, debate, and well-structured writing grounded in diverse literature. By eighth grade, students are prepared to engage deeply with complex texts, tackling fundamental questions of the human experience and evaluating how character, evidence, and the interconnectedness of literature, history, and culture inform a work. Across all grade levels, students pioneer their own analytical and writing abilities, nurturing a lifelong appreciation for storytelling and critical thought.

Grade 5: Narratives of Freedom

Extending beyond the lives of characters, the fifth-grade English Language Arts curriculum investigates themes of freedom and resilience through history and social landscapes. This purposeful study catalyzes the development of sophisticated skills, including analytical and creative writing, while also strengthening reading comprehension. While students continue to build fluency, the curriculum moves beyond basic decoding to explore both literal and inferential comprehension and introduces the structure for analytical writing. Writing becomes a tool for expression and exposition. They learn to navigate library systems and ethically cite information as they conduct research in alignment with the humanities curriculum. This comprehensive program prepares students to not only understand stories but to use language as a vehicle for critical thought and ethical reasoning.

The curriculum integrates the Hochman Method for writing instruction.

Curriculum Content and Skills: reading comprehension (making inferences, summarizing text, analyzing character development, supporting interpretations with textual evidence), creative and expository writing, writing process (brainstorming, outlining, drafting, revising, and editing), critical and ethical thinking, vocabulary and grammar instruction, research skills (using the library, ethical use of information, citations, highlighting and note-taking, organizing research information, turning notes into longer written work), literary analysis (book discussions, genre studies)

Grade 6: The Hero’s Quest

The sixth-grade English Language Arts curriculum centers on the hero’s journey, exploring this timeless theme through a range of texts, from ancient epics like The Epic of Gilgamesh and classic Greek mythology to modern works like The Lightning Thief, as well as biographies of real-life heroes. Students refine foundational language skills, including reading comprehension and literary analysis, by focusing on key elements like theme and characterization. Students bring their learning to life through creative and collaborative projects—writing and performing their own plays and poems, and choosing a hero to celebrate in a culminating project. These assignments give students the chance to express their ideas in imaginative ways while building their confidence as fluent readers, effective writers, and confident public speakers. The curriculum also empowers students as critical thinkers by building essential library and research skills, encouraging them to analyze current events and media biases. This interdisciplinary approach strengthens students’ ability to engage in critical thinking and research, preparing them to not only understand heroic narratives but to articulate their own ideas with precision and clarity.

Throughout the year, students expand their vocabularies using Sadlier’s Vocabulary Workshop program and receive ongoing writing instruction through the Hochman Method, which rests on explicit, carefully sequenced instruction, building from sentences to compositions, with integrated grammar instruction.

Curriculum Content and Skills: reading comprehension and literary analysis (theme, characterization, point of view), creative and formal writing, critical and ethical thinking, effective communication and presentation skills, vocabulary and grammar development, media and information literacy (news bias identification, ethical information use, library systems, note-taking and organization, interdisciplinary research), analysis of current events and heroic narratives

Grade 7: Growing Up in a Changing World

The seventh-grade English Language Arts curriculum cultivates an academic approach to language arts, centered on classic and contemporary literature. Each unit explores a central theme, with students probing topics like identity and belonging through novels such as “The Diary of a Young Girl” by Anne Frank. The curriculum strengthens analytical and academic writing skills, preparing students to take intellectual ownership of their ideas. Students also investigate ethical dilemmas by comparing fictional and non-fictional accounts of historical events, as seen in “When the Emperor Was Divine,” by Julie Otsuka. They also engage with groundbreaking periods of artistic expression, including Shakespeare and the Harlem Renaissance. The course challenges students to interpret both textual and visual information through the study of graphic novels, sharpening their critical thinking and communication skills and preparing them for more complex literary analysis in the future.

The curriculum integrates the Hochman Method for writing instruction.

Curriculum Content and Skills: reading comprehension (active reading, literary analysis), creative and academic writing, critical and ethical thinking, vocabulary development, grammar usage, sophisticated writing skills (thesis development, the application of literary devices, well-structured essays and narratives), classic and contemporary literature, character growth and adaptation, historical, cultural, and individual influences, language structure, identifying and evaluating evidence, connecting thematic ideas across time

Grade 8: Analysis and Empathy

The eighth-grade English Language Arts curriculum uses foundational language skills to deepen students’ understanding of the human experience through essential questions. They develop interpretive reading strategies through 20th-century short stories and examine texts such as Frederick Douglass’ “Narrative of the Life of an American Slave” and Reginald Rose’s play “12 Angry Men.” Through Socratic discussions, students assume intellectual leadership, probing the nature of freedom, justice, and the power of rhetoric. A semester-long exploration of generational change—through works like “The Joy Luck Club” and “A Raisin in the Sun” — culminates in student-created podcasts based on interviews. Students develop analytical writing skills throughout the course, focusing on thesis development, rhetorical analysis, and formal writing conventions. By drawing thematic connections among various literary texts, students will contemplate the contradiction that while changes in technology, geopolitics, and social norms evolve, some aspects of the human experience remain universal.

The curriculum integrates the Hochman Method for writing instruction.

Curriculum Content and Skills: critical and ethical thinking, text analysis (overarching themes, topics, and issues), character evaluation (growth, adaptation, and responses to experiences, other characters, and their surroundings), identifying and evaluating supporting evidence, vocabulary expansion, understanding of the reciprocal influence between our literary world and history, culture, and individuals

At The Elisabeth Morrow School, our middle school humanities curriculum empowers students to become innovative thinkers and leaders. We foster a dynamic environment where students develop a nuanced grasp of diverse historical perspectives and the critical thinking skills essential for engaging with a complex world. Students are assessed on their active participation in discussions, the insightful questions they pose, and their adept application of research and analytical tools. By the end of middle school, they aren’t just recalling historical facts; they’re shaping coherent, evidence-based arguments and projects. Ultimately, they’ll competently connect the past with the present, prepared to lead with empathy and an informed perspective.

Grade 5: Early American History

This fifth-grade humanities curriculum connects the powerful theme of freedom with a comprehensive study of American history, spanning the Thirteen Colonies, the American Revolution, the U.S. government, and Westward Expansion. As students navigate this historical journey, they also develop essential research skills. They actively engage with non-fiction texts, practice two-column note-taking, and prepare for assessments with thorough class discussions. Key research techniques are central to the course, as students learn to identify reliable sources, take efficient notes, and confidently present information. The curriculum further enriches their perspective by regularly connecting historical topics with current events. This approach ensures that students not only understand the past but can also make relevant connections to the world today.

Curriculum Content and Skills: the Thirteen Colonies, the American Revolution, the U.S. government, Westward Expansion

Grade 6: Ancient Civilizations

The sixth-grade humanities curriculum is a captivating journey through the ancient world, starting with the transformative Neolithic Revolution and the emergence of the first civilizations. Students don’t just study history; they embark on a rich exploration of some of the most compelling and influential cultures, from Mesopotamia and Egypt to Greece, and the West African Kingdoms. This academic odyssey equips students with vital skills for future success, including the ability to identify main ideas, take effective notes, boost reading comprehension, and foster critical thinking. Our approach ensures students not only acquire historical knowledge but also form their own perspectives on how the past continues to shape our world today.

Curriculum Content and Skills: Mesopotamia and the first civilizations, Ancient Egypt: pharaohs and the Nile River Valley, Ancient Greece: city-states and the birth of democracy, West African Kingdoms: trade, multiculturalism, and the Mansa

Grade 7: Asian Studies

In seventh-grade humanities, students dive into the captivating history and vibrant cultures of Asian regions. This course highlights the revolutionary innovations and enduring ideas that have shaped these societies and connected them across different eras and geographies. Students critically examine the human experience by exploring the profound influence of geography, trade, government, religion, society, and culture. The curriculum frequently leverages cross-curricular themes for deeper understanding, ensuring students grasp the interconnectedness of historical events. Integral to this academic expedition is the concurrent development of robust academic skills: students practice taking different kinds of notes, summarize main themes, enhance reading comprehension, conduct thorough research, craft formal essays, refine public speaking, and foster critical, ethical thinking, all while building an extensive vocabulary. This comprehensive approach cultivates innovative thinkers and leaders who appreciate the complexities of the past and are prepared for the challenges of the future.

Curriculum Content and Skills: Silk Road and the geography of Asia, the Tang Dynasty, independent research papers, Modern China, global relations, world religions

Grade 8: American History, A More Perfect Union

Eighth-grade humanities offers a compelling exploration of American history, focusing on the nation’s continuous pursuit of “a more perfect union.” Students conduct a critical analysis of primary and secondary sources, engage in debate, and construct evidence-based arguments. Starting with the Constitutional Convention and moving through the 19th and 20th centuries, the curriculum explores ideas of representation in American government and society, why it matters, and whose histories are told or omitted. Through cross-curricular integration, students discern the intrinsic links between literature and historical events. The course cultivates proficiency in the critical analysis of historical texts, research methodologies, formal essay composition, research paper writing, critical thinking, public speaking, and formal debate, with a particular emphasis on substantiating arguments with precise and concrete evidence. This comprehensive approach cultivates a new generation of informed and engaged civic leaders prepared to contribute to a better future.

Curriculum Content and Skills: Constitutional Convention, Civil War and Reconstruction, Women’s Suffrage Movement, World War II, issues of the 20th century